Trigger-happy Nature of US Cops: Have They Become Militarized Thugs in Uniform? Between 2003-2009, 4,813 Arrest-related Deaths Were Reported to the Bureau of Justice

Through the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994, the US Congress mandated the Attorney General to collect data on the use of excessive force by police and to publish an annual report from the data. Two national systems collect data which include homicides committed by law enforcement officers in the line of duty. The National Center for Health Statistics maintains the National Vital Statistics System (NVSS) which aggregates data from locally filed death certificates. State laws require that death certificates be filed with local registrars, but the certificates do not systematically document whether a killing was legally justified nor whether a law enforcement officer was involved. The FBI maintains the Uniform Crime Reporting Program (UCR) which relies on the voluntary participation of state and local law enforcement agencies in submitting reports about crimes. A study of the years 1976 to 1998 found that both national systems underreport justifiable homicides by police officers, but for different reasons. Records in the NVSS did not consistently include documentation of police officer involvement. The UCR database did not receive reports of all applicable incidents. The authors concluded that "reliable estimates of the number of justifiable homicides committed by police officers in the United States do not exist." A study of killings by police from 1999 to 2002 in the Central Florida region found that the national databases included only one-fourth of the number of persons killed by police as reported in the local news media. [Source]

In the table below are links to lists of people killed by non-military law enforcement officers in 2012, whether in the line of duty or not, and regardless of reason or method. The list below is incomplete; the annual average number of justifiable homicides alone is estimated to be near 400. For lists of killings from other years, see Law Enforcement Officers Killed and Assaulted (LEOKA) report

Month	Number of killings in list
December	33
November	39
October	47
September	66
August	90
July	92
June	64
May	38
April	40
March	21
February	27
January	31
Total	587

85 shots: US cops use more ammo per man than Germans per year

May 11, 2012

RT.com - Eighty-five shots: That’s the total number of bullets German police used in all of 2011, Der Spiegel reports. But what does it say when US cops use as much ammo to bring down one man as German cops need to keep the peace nationwide?

The rate at which German police discharged their firearms is further underscored by how rarely they shot with fatal intent. Of the 85 bullets used in 2011, 49 were warnings shots, 36 were aimed at criminal suspects, 15 people were injured, and 6 were killed, the German daily continues.

The statistics prove "our police officers are not thugs in uniform,” Christian Democratic insider Lorenz Caffier said.

And when comparing Germany with the United States, another story altogether appears. Although police in the United States have to file a report every time they use their firearm in the line of duty, either through sheer volume or disinterest, no statistics are readily available on the amount of ammunition used annually. But though the number of shell casings spent by the boys in blue has not been tallied, there are other indicators that something is amiss when it comes to state-sponsored violence in the US. The US population is almost four times that of Germany's, yet its level of police violence is exponentially higher.

The trigger-happy nature of US cops was perhaps best epitomized in the controversial 2001 Bruce Springsteen song "American Skin (41 Shots)." The song recounts the 1999 shooting death of an unarmed 23-year-old Guinean immigrant in New York City. The victim, Amadou Diallo, as the song title alludes, was shot 41 times by four plain-clothed police officers outside of his apartment. And Diallo's case is anything but anomalous in today's America.

Last month, Los Angeles Police killed a 19-year-old man after unloading over 90 shots on him following a high-speed chase down an area freeway. The same month, New York police fired at a suspected murderer 84 times. While the man was wounded, “the punk incredibly survived,” the New York Post reports.

In 2011, Miami police unloaded their magazines on a reckless Memorial Day driver who had hit several other vehicles. Over 100 rounds later, the driver was killed and seven innocent bystanders were injured in the shooting.

Another excessive case occurred in 2006, when a ten-member Florida SWAT team mowed down cop-killer Angilo Freeland in a hail of bullets – 110, to be exact.

"That's all the bullets we had." - Polk Country Sheriff Grady Judd nonchalantly told the Orlando Sentinel.

In another 2006 six case, plain clothes and undercover New York police shot at Sean Bell more than 50 times a day before his wedding. Bell was killed, and three of his friends were critically injured. The case was widely compared to that of Diallo.

The phenomenon is so common in America that the term ‘contagious shooting’ – the idea that cops reflexively open fire because others are doing so – has entered the national vocabulary.

Perhaps one incident that spurred experts to coin the term was a 1995 Bronx robbery where officers fired an incredible 125 shots at a suspect who did not even fire back. 

“They were shooting to the echo of their own gunfire,” a former police official told The New York Times.

One officer told the daily in 2006 that “the only reason to be shooting in New York City is that you or someone else is going to be killed and it’s going to be imminent,” and thus you fire as many shots as necessary to “extinguish the threat.”

Ironically, one officer even said “until we have some substitute for a firearm, there will always be a situation where more rounds are fired than in other situations.”

However, even when tasers presented a non-lethal alternative, the bodies kept piling up. Between 2001 and early 2012, Amnesty International estimated that law enforcement killed 500 people with the device.

­While statistics concerning the total number of cop-inflicted deaths over the last several years are unavailable, a November 2011 US Department of Justice report entitled  ‘Arrest Related Deaths , 2003-2009’ says “a total of 4,813 [arrest-related] deaths were reported to the Bureau of Justice Statistics.” The report further says that “about 6 in 10 deaths (2,931) were classified as homicide by law enforcement personnel, and 4 in 10 (1,882) were attributed to other manners of death.”

But then, the United States is a violent place. In 2009 alone, the US Center For Disease Control and Prevention says 16,799 people were murdered, with 11,493 of those deaths inflicted by a firearm. A further 1.8 million assault-related emergency room visits were reported in the same year.

However, despite those figures, violent crime has significantly dropped over the last 20 years, with murder and robbery rates halving from 1991-98.

But while citizens commit fewer crimes annually, US law enforcement have become increasingly militarized in the post-9/11 world. In fact, instances of excessive force or “other tactics to violate victims civil rights” increased by 25 per cent from 2001 to 2007, USA Today reported.

With nearly three million US citizens behind bars, cop-related violence on the rise, contagious shooting sprees ever-present and non-lethal weapons being used to deadly effect, 85 is a number that should send shockwaves through the land of the free.